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pa·vil·ion  (pə-vĭlyən)
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n.
1. An ornate tent.
2.
a. A light, sometimes ornamental roofed structure, used for amusement or shelter, as at parks or fairs: a picnic pavilion.
b. A usually temporary structure erected at a fair or show for use by an exhibitor: the French pavilion at the World's Fair.
c. A large structure housing sports or entertainment facilities; an arena.
3. A structure or another building connected to a larger building; an annex.
4. One of a group of related buildings forming a complex, as of a hospital.
5. The lower surface of a brilliant-cut gem, slanting outward from the culet to the girdle.
tr.v.pa·vil·ioned, pa·vil·ion·ing, pa·vil·ions
1. To cover or furnish with or as if with a pavilion.
2. To put in or as if in a pavilion.

[Middle English pavilon, from Old French pavillon, from Late Latin pāpiliō, pāpiliōn-, butterfly, tent (a tent being so called because the flaps at the entrance of a tent when drawn apart resemble the outspread wings of a butterfly), from Latin, butterfly; see pāl- in the Appendix of Indo-European roots.]
(click for a larger image)
pavilion
brilliant-cut gemstone

The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition copyright ©2022 by HarperCollins Publishers. All rights reserved.
 

Indo-European & Semitic Roots Appendices

    Thousands of entries in the dictionary include etymologies that trace their origins back to reconstructed proto-languages. You can obtain more information about these forms in our online appendices:

    Indo-European Roots

    Semitic Roots

    The Indo-European appendix covers nearly half of the Indo-European roots that have left their mark on English words. A more complete treatment of Indo-European roots and the English words derived from them is available in our Dictionary of Indo-European Roots.